The Principle Of Equality In The Egyptian Constitution Essay

The Principle Of Equality In The Egyptian Constitution - Essay Example Abdication of sway by the individuals to the administration was not, at the end of the day, to be deciphered as the individuals' having for all time surrendering their power or their having done so genuinely. In fact, the very idea of the implicit understanding underlines the sovereign privileges of the individuals, recognizes that a sovereign people have given someone in particular, the ruler, their agree to oversee over them in return for his assurance of their privileges and freedoms, in addition to other things. The implicit understanding is, in this way, the constitution which plots the lawful premise of the state as a good, political and financial foundation and the rights and obligations of the residents inside, and the state's duties and commitments towards residents. The idea of the implicit understanding, as characterized and examined by Locke and Rousseau, shed fascinating light upon the wonder of cutting edge constitutions. The constitution, as might be reasoned from these speculations, is the agreement between the legislature, the state and the ruler and the individuals. It diagrams the obligations owed by the ruler to the individuals and the rights and opportunities of the individuals inside the constraints of the law. All the more critically, similarly as with any agreement, there is a legitimate commitment to regard it. Without a doubt, as both Locke and Rousseau finished up, should the ruler disregard the particulars of the agreement, the agreement is not, at this point pertinent and the ruler's administration is ill-conceived. As needs be, we may also presume that if an administration damages the provisions of the constitution, the legislature gets ill-conceived. It is very intriguing to consider a national constitution as an agreement which the two gatherings, residents and governments, are legitimately obliged to comply with. It turns out to be considerably additionally intriguing when we think about that the infringement of the conditions of the constitution with respect to the administration/ruler, renders that ruler/government ill-conceived. This is just on the grounds that, were we to apply this as a fundamental standard, the Egyptian government will, basically, develop as an ill-conceived element; an organization which, to the extent that it neither keeps established assurances relating to the rights and opportunities of residents, and protected constraints on its power, has disregarded the Articles of the Egyptian Constitution. Through an investigation of the arrangements of the Egyptian Constitution in regards to the uniformity of residents and their equivalent right to political, monetary and common freedoms, the examination will at first set up that the constitution characterizes Egyptian residents as equivalent, and blesses them with equivalent political, financial and social liberties. Upon the investigation of the rights granted minority bunches in Egypt, for example, Copts and ladies, the exploration will set up that, to the extent that they are denied fairness, they are successfully denied what the constitution has promised them. The end to this examination will audit the ramifications of this as respects the authenticity of the legislature. 1 The Egyptian Constitution's Provisions on Equality The Egyptian Consti

Jeff Immelt And The New General Electric †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: In what ways has Jeff Immelt diverted the procedure of GE? Answer: Introducation Vital bearing is characterized as an associations guide. It helps an association to recognize what its destinations are, the way to achieve them and which assets are required to accomplish the equivalent. For key bearing to be effective, an association must imagine the future, think of a vital course and strategies to execute the associations targets (Grant2016). Jeff Immelt diverted the technique of GE by utilizing these three columns. Imagining the Future Vision is immortal and dependent on what an association might want to do. It must be explicit and progress towards it quantifiable. It gives a meaning of whom the organization serves, what it gives and what isolates it from different associations giving comparative items and administrations (McCain 2014). When Jeff Immelt assumes control over GE, he sets another vision for the organization. He plots his vision as needing GE to be an, associated mechanical organization, which remained at the crossing point of the physical and computerized universes and mixed the best components of speed, scale and adaptability. To progress in the direction of the accomplishment of this vision, Jeff Immelt made various changes in accordance with the companys portfolio in 2015 (Barney 2014). One of the significant accomplishments was to completely obtain Alstoms power gear and framework business. GE likewise stripped a significant area of GE Capital. Immelts vision for General Electric is to make it inn ovation based, concentrated on the client and development arranged. Numerous auxiliary changes must be made so as to accomplish this. Some portion of the progressions incorporate restoring execution evaluation, changing advertising techniques and updating innovation to adjust the companys procedures and frameworks to the new methodology. System Industry and Market System connects an associations vision with its present reality. It takes a gander at how an organization can accomplish its vision while thinking about showcasing conditions, rivalry and other outer elements. Jeff Immelt takes a gander at the business and market where GE is working. The past pioneer, Welch, had figured out how to direct the organization to incredible monetary exhibition guided by positive thinking, certainty and development (Wheelen Hunger 2017). The 21st century anyway accompanies its own difficulties henceforth Immelt needs to concoct new methodologies that will guarantee GE works effectively in the new economic situations. Immelt reconfigures the arrangement of GE with the goal that the organization can work all the more seriously in the present condition. This is finished by leaving moderate development organizations and reallocating assets to those that had solid development possibilities. Immelts point was to make development stages either through getting into new business or developing previously existing ones. The territories that GE put resources into were medicinal services, vitality, communicate and innovation. In human services, the organization was pioneer in demonstrative imaging and through Immelt; they obtained Amersham and Abbot Diagnostics consequently growing item run and expanding topographical nearness. Immelt likewise drove GE to develop its vitality segment by creating elective vitality and securing organizations like Enrons wind vitality area, objective gasification business of Chevron and sun based vitality items creation through Astro Power procurement. Immelt likewise guarantees that the companys communicate and diversion segment is developed by procurement of Telemundo and this empowers the organization to get into the Spanish market (Rothaermel 2015). The obtaining of Vivendi additionally observes GE get into the business of movies and amusement parks. As a component of the GE development activities, Immelt drove the organization to broaden into security frameworks creation, water treatment and aviation. This gave the organization preferred position of entering into various markets thus setting up a more extensive client base. Jeff Immelt additionally pulls together upper hand of GE around mechanical advancement and client care. Immelt considers innovation to be being a significant driver of development for the organization. He in this way puts an accentuation on innovative work with the goal that the organization can accelerate take-up of new advancements. The innovative work community in Niskayuna is updated and new worldwide research habitats are developed. Bt 2015 there are more than 37000 technologists working in various GE investigate focuses over the world. Immelt empowered GE to change its concentration to long haul extends thus prompting cutting edge innovations that gave the organization upper hand in zones like vitality transformation, nanotechnology and atomic imaging (Gamble Thompson 2014). A portion of the creations GE thought of were the development mixture train, brilliant matrix and sodium batteries. This helped the organization to increase upper hand in different ventures. Client support was enormously accentuated by Immelt. He continually centered the workers around the benefit of investing energy with clients, building sound connections and guaranteeing their issues were arranged on schedule (Bryce 2017). The accentuation was likewise on guaranteeing that whatever items were fabricated by the organization made the most incentive for clients. Strategies Resources and abilities Strategies include taking a gander at the abilities and assets of an organization and guaranteeing they will drive the system accomplishment. Strategies work with current hierarchical structure. Immelt takes a gander at the assets and abilities of GE and changes techniques likewise (Mordern 2016). The assets and abilities that he lays an accentuation on are: Money related assets Immelt decreases the credit presentation of GE Capital and expands liquidity. The hazard profile is additionally improved. This prompts rethinking of the organization as a provider of pro budgetary help with an emphasis on mid-advertise loaning. Immelt likewise guarantees that the money related assets of the organization are utilized to enhance and develop new items, which prompts the organization increasing an upper hand. Physical resources Immelt guarantees that the organization relinquishes any advantages that are causing it not to perform and securing resources in organizations, which will lead GE to the following level as far as development (Stead 2013). This empowers the organization to develop as is gains stakes in organizations which have potential. Immelt guarantees that the organization puts resources into the fundamental foundation. HR Immelt guarantees that presentation objectives of its HR are reoriented towards the companys income development. This guarantees human asset methodologies are adjusted to the vital objectives that have been set. Immaterial assets Under Immelts residency, he obtains a few associations and licenses a few advancements. The organization increases upper hand through this (Nahavandi 2016). He likewise develops the brand and guarantees that there is cooperative attitude towards clients and different partners. Auxiliary social assets Part of Immelts technique was to change the companys corporate culture. He needed to ingrain a business culture and concocted different activities to do this. A model was the program known as, was At the Customer, For the Customer, which applied six sigma, in client relations exercises, followed the fulfillment of clients and their perspectives (Bergh et al 2014). This helped the organization to improve through input and to think of items that fulfilled client needs. Immelt additionally made a framework and qualities that showed that GE was progressively important as a solitary substance that many separate organizations. Procedure Alignment Procedure Alignment to the Requirements of the 21st Century Business Environment Jeff Immelt has guaranteed that the procedures of GE are adjusted to the 21ST century business condition. The 21ST century has accompanied a heap of difficulties for organizations. It has prompted the breakdown of ventures, presentation of poor plans of action, insolvency of enormous associations and the scrutinizing of corporate believability. To get security to GE these conditions, Immelt saw the portfolio enhancement as a wellspring of soundness for the business. He in this manner accentuated the benefits of having a portfolio as it smoothed unpredictability (Foss Harlberg 2014). Top line development would drive primary concern returns regardless of the unpredictable outer condition. PESTLE Analysis Coming up next is the PESTLE investigation in accordance with GE and an examination of how the organization adjusted itself to adjust to the choppiness in the outside condition: Political components decide how a legislature can impact certain businesses. Duty and obligations can be forced consequently influencing the age of income. GE is influenced by the political scene because of different expenses forced on merchandise and crude materials. To guarantee great relations Immelt guarantees that there is a coordinated methodology in working straightforwardly with various governments to address the issues of nations that have facilitated GE (Rees Smith 2017). This was actualized through the organization to nation technique. This made it simpler for GE to enter various markets without confronting an excessive number of deterrents. Financial Economic variables decide how an economy performs and this directly affects different organizations. They likewise influence the buying intensity of customers. Some monetary variables are swelling rates, intrigue, remote trade and financial development designs (Gans Ryall 2017). To counter financial components, Immelt guaranteed that GE put resources into nations where GDP development would be high. The monetary emergency if 2008-2009 was additionally a significant danger to GE Capitals position in the American market consequently it looked for value infusion. Immelt reconfigured the business portfolio and focussed on the companys upper hand with the goal that the organization would not be influenced by the tempestuous economy. In 2015 the vast majority of GE Capital was sold with the goal that the primary organization would stay stable. Social variables take a gander at social patterns, socioeconomics and the elements of a populace. Immelt took a gander at the business pattern before making different s

Comparison Of Privacy And Communication On Social Networking - Free Essay Example

I propose to conduct a research on the topic- à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“A cross-cultural comparison of privacy and communication on Social Networking Sites between India and United Kingdomà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. Abstract My research will try to examine the cross cultural differences in the context of sharing personal information on à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Social Networking Sitesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? (SNSs) and the various aspects of online privacy between the college students in India and the United Kingdom. To begin with, the research will require the students to complete a paper based survey with a variety of questions regarding their attitudes towards sharing personal information on social networks and privacy. It will also seek to better understand the behavioural issues by studying their communication pattern. The emphasis of this research will remain on identifying the commonalities and differences in the communication patterns and attitudes towards privacy between the Indian and UK students by conducting an empirical research. Literature Framework We define social network sites as web-based services that allow individuals to (1) construct a public or semi-public profile within a bounded system, (2) articulate a list of other users with whom they share a connection, and (3) view and traverse their list of connections and those made by others within the system. The nature and nomenclature of these connections may vary from site to site. While we use the term social network site to describe this phenomenon, the term social networking sites also appears in public discourse, and the two terms are often used interchangeably. We chose not to employ the term networking for two reasons: emphasis and scope. Networking emphasizes relationship initiation, often between strangers. While networking is possible on these sites, it is not the primary practice on many of them, nor is it what differentiates them from other forms of computer-mediated communication (CMC). What makes social network sites unique is not that they allow individuals to meet strangers, but rather that they enable users to articulate and make visible their social networks. This can result in connections between individuals that would not otherwise be made, but that is often not the goal, and these meetings are frequently between latent ties (Haythornthwaite, 2005) who share some offline connection. On many of the large SNSs, participants are not necessarily networking or looking to meet new people; instead, they are primarily communicating with people who are already a part of their extended social network. To emphasize this articulated social network as a critical organizing feature of these sites, we label them social network sites. Social Networking Sites (SNS) have achieved phenomenal success since the launch of sixdegrees.com in 1997. Original sites such as Friendster, Lunarstorm and MiGente, are now all dwarfed by the phenomenally successful Myspace1, and Facebook2. A useful historical record of the development of Social Networking sites was made by Boyd and Ellison in 20073, although more work is needed to understand the gratifications delivered how users derive a sense of identity and the cross cultural implications to users. The goal of this short paper is to weave digitization, identity and community into an analysis that is both historically rigorous and conscious of contemporary innovations. Launch Dates of Major Social Networking Sites (SNSs) Source: Social Media Graphics Among undergraduate college students, the three most visited social networking websites are Facebook, MySpace, and Friendster, with one study reporting Facebook use as the most popular at 90% (Stutzman, 2006) while another study reports Facebook use as most popular with 78.8% who à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"sometimesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? or à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"oftenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? use Facebook (Hargittai, 2007). Undergraduate students using Facebook averaged 10à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å"30 min daily use for the time categories and averaged 150à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å"200 friends for the friend categories (Ellison, Steinfield, Lampe, 2006). Students and alumni use Facebook to communicate, connect and remain in contact with others (Acquisti Gross, 2006; Charnigo Barnett-Ellis, 2007; Ellison et al., 2006). There are conflicting reports whether Facebook is used for dating with one study that reports such use (Charnigo Barnett-Ellis, 2007), while another study reports that students do not use Faceboo k for that purpose (Acquisti Gross, 2006). Also, undergraduate students typically use Facebook for fun and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"killing timeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? rather than gathering information (Ellison et al., 2006). Although Facebook is very popular among students, others have profiles on it too. Over the past decade, the communication uses of the Internet have become a very important part of young peoples lives (e.g., Gemmill Peterson, 2006; Jones, 2002; Lenhart Madden, 2007; Subrahmanyam Greenfield, 2008). Social networking sites are the latest online communication tool that allows users to create a public or semi-public profile, create and view their own as well as other users online social networks (Boyd Ellison, 2007a), and interact with people in their networks. Sites such as MySpace and Facebook have over 100 million users between them, many of them adolescents and emerging adults. Although research on young peoples use of social networking sites is emerging (e.g., Boyd Ellison, 2007b; Ellison, Steinfield, Lampe, 2007; Valkenburg, Peter, Schouten, 2006), questions remain regarding exactly what young people do on these sites, whom they interact with on them, and how their social networking site use relates to their other online (such as instant messaging) and off line activities. Furthermore, because of the potential to interact with known others as well as meet and befriend strangers on these sites, it is important to study the nature of their online social networks in order to get an understanding of how such online communication relates to young peoples development. The goals of the present study were to explore emerging adults use of social networking sites for communication and examine the relation between their online and offline social networks. Given the vast array of information that can be shared and the number of users, concerns regarding security and privacy issues are a recurring issue (Acoca, 2008). Some concerns involve potential threats to personal safety from the abundance of information that is assumed to be available and accessible about an individual on their online profile. Specifically, there are concerns regarding identity theft if users provide too much information (e.g., birth date, address, phone, full name etc.). In addition, there are concerns for personal safety for vulnerable users who could be stalked, or otherwise threatened. A less commonly considered threat is the possibility of social risk as a function of self-identification with minority or stigmatized groups. Although some of these concerns have surfaced in the popular media (e.g., news.cnet.com), there is little empirical investigation documenting how much and what kind of information is present in personal FACEBOOKà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ profiles to determine the potential for threats of any type, nor is there any information regarding how users differ in the information disclosed in their profiles to provide clues as to who is most likely to be at risk. India is ranked fourth in the world in terms of the Internet users. It had a total population of 1,147,995,898 people by the year 2008, out of which 81,000,000 people were using the Internet which makes 7.1% of the total population of Internet users (Internet World Stats, 2009). Social networking is catching on fast. About 56 percent users do both social and professional networking on the Web, while 29 percent do only social networking (Madhavan, 2007). There are about 10 million people who are on social networking sites. What started with the popularity of Orkut in India has now become a cultural revolution. Even most of the schools going teens have an account on some social networking site (Java, 2007). Out of the total social networking users in India, only 1 mn to 2 mn (only 10% to 20%) are on Indian social networking sites. According to a recent report by comScore, Inc. (Mishra, 2009), visits to the social networking sites have increased by 51 percent from the last year. The stu dy also found that global social networking brands continued to gain prominence in India during the last year, with Orkut, Facebook, hi5, LinkedIn and MySpace each witnessing significant increases in visitation. Orkut reigned as the most visited social networking site in December 2008 with more than 12.8 million visitors, an increase of 81 percent from the previous year. Facebook, the second most popular social networking site, had 4 million visitors, up by 150 percent since last year. To make its position strong in the Indian social networking market, Facebook has launched an Indian interface which helps local users to connect with their friends in 6 different languages e Hindi, Punjabi, Tamil, Malayalam, Telugu and Bengali. This move allows users to choose any of the six languages and use it as per their convenience by selecting the language tab. MySpace also promotes a lot of India specific content like promoting musical talent and even taking their talent abroad thereby upliftin g the Indian culture. It is followed by local social networking site Bharatstudent.com with 3.3 million visitors (up 88 percent) and hi5.com with 2 million visitors (up 182 percent). Other popular networking sites in India featured in the list in descending order are ibibo, MySpace, LinkedIn, BigAdda and Fropper. Top Social Networking Sites in India by Unique Visitors December 2008 vs. December 2007 Total India e Age 15+, Home/Work Locations (excluding visits from cyber cafes, mobile phones and PDAs) Source: comScore World Metrix Users Demography for the United Kingdom Source: Socialbakers (2010) User age distribution on Facebook in United Kingdom Source: Socialbakers (2010) Male/Female User Ratio on Facebook in United Kingdom Source: Socialbakers (2010) Age Growth on Facebook in United Kingdom Source: Socialbakers (2010) Top 10 Countries on Facebook Source: Socialbakers (2010) Research Strategy The process will be initiated by the collection of social network data through a survey of Indian and UK college students. The population sample chosen for this research purpose will be a specific number of college going students in India and UK (to be decided at a later time). The sample will be restricted to a few hundred students from each country so as to make it easier to do a survey research. The student will be encouraged to participate and share their views on the subject of content sharing and privacy. The information provided by them will solely be used for the educational research purpose. The survey employed in this study will be based on a popular survey used previously by à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Pew Internet and American Life Projectà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? among American teenagers. The survey used in this research may differ in some ways to adjust the variations from previous similar researches. A copy of the original survey questions is available to consult on the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Pew Internet and American Life Projectà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? website. The responses in the original survey were categorical, thus quantitative analysis will require performing chi-square (à Ã¢â‚¬ ¡2) test. Collection of data The primary data for this research will be collected by conducting a survey based on numerous questions that will seek to answer the questions based on information sharing and the degree of privacy maintained by students in their social profiles. The type of information sought is presented in the next section in the form of tables. However the level of information has been limited and the original research is expected to be more comprehensive in nature and may include more variables and situations. Other secondary data presented in the research will be collected from various social networking sites, social networking research services, network usage statistics, sharing and privacy reports published by various organizations. Research Methodology The purpose of this research determines its methodology. It will be a comparative study of Indian and UK college studentsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ attitudes and behaviour towards communication patterns and controlling privacy on Social Networking Sites (SNSs). Research Questions How do the students in India and UK differ in reference to privacy on Social Networking Sites? How do the students in India and UK differ in reference to communication patterns on Social Networking Sites? The college students in India and UK will be contacted through friend lists of my own friends on prominent SNSs. I will encourage my friends to persuade their friends on SNSs. Later on I will segregate the lists of Indian and UK college students for the purpose of comparison. I am expecting a response rate of nearly 60-70 percent. The results will be formatted according to the following tables. Table 1. Public Nature of Social Network Site Profile Degree to which your online social profile is public India N= X United Kingdom N= Y Visible to everyone Visible to friends of friends Visible only to friends Table 2: Attitude towards sharing personal information on SNSs Is it alright to share the following information on social sites? India United Kingdom à Ã¢â‚¬ ¡2 N df p State in which you live City in which you live College name IM Screen Names Birth date Family members names Relationship (s) Email address (es) Links to other personal blogs or websites Mobile Number Table 3: Types of information shared on SNSs Would you share the following detail on your social profile? India United Kingdom à Ã¢â‚¬ ¡2 N df p Surname Photos of yourself Photos of your friends Photos of family members City name High School name Email addresses MP3 files Video content Events list Birthdays Table 4: Response to contacting by strangers How would you normally respond to a strangerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s friend request? India United Kingdom Completely ignore Respond positively Decline the request Block the user Block and report the user to avoid further contact Table 5: Communication patterns on SNSs Do you usually do the following? India United Kingdom à Ã¢â‚¬ ¡2 N df p Post messages on friendsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ wall or comment on their posts Send private messages to someone on your friend list Send private messages to someone not on your friend list Poke your friends Poke your friendà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s friends

Power, Ideology, and Terror in the Atomic Age Worksheet

Power, Ideology, and Terror in the Atomic Age Worksheet The Cold War Answer each of the following questions in a single paragraph: 1. What role did atomic weapons play in the Cold War? Summarize nuclear developments from 1945 to 1991. After the Second World War, United States and the Soviet Union entered into a Cold War that lasted more the 40 years because both sides had Atomic Weapons that were aimed at each other with each side fearing and dreading what a Hot War would cause if Atomic Weapons were used. Nuclear developments from 1945-1991 (Cold War Period) were atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki (August 1945) to the signing of the Non-Proliferation Treaty by all 5 major Super Powers (United States, Great†¦show more content†¦The United States briefly supported the Taliban, hoping it would restore order in the war-ravaged country after Soviet war in Afghanistan. Taliban movement traces its origin to the Pakistani-trained mujahideen in northern Pakistan during Soviet occupation of Afghanistan. What were the unintended consequences for the United States of Taliban rule in Afghanistan? The Taliban is known for having provided safe haven to al-Qaeda and its leader Osama bin Laden, as well as for its rigid interpretation of Islamic law, under which it publicly executed criminals and outlawed the education of women. Though the group has been out of power for several years, it remains resilient in the region and operates parallel governance structures aimed at undermining the U.S.-backed central government. Was the conflict between Israel and its Arab neighbors a part of the Cold War, a religious or ethnic clash, or a conflict between good and evil? Defend your answer. Territory regarded by the Jewish people as their homeland is also regarded by the Arab movement as belonging to the Palestinian Arabs. The conflict between Palestinian Jews and Arabs emerged in the early 20th century during the 1920 Nebi Musa riots, ending into a full scale civil war in 1947 and expanding to all Arab League countries with the creation of the modern State of Israel in May 1948. The conflict, which started as a political and nationalist conflict over

Online Identity - 2082 Words

Digital communities are now omnipresent in modern society. People craft and showcase their identity through the expression of their interests, opinions and principles in their profiles or interactions with their online friends when they join communities of their interest or social networking sites like Facebook. Many comment that identity production through digital communities is a vivid representation of identity production in the real world hence equipping one with the skills needed for networking in the real world. On the other hand, others criticize that identity production in the virtual world is not a true representation of social networking in the real world because of the inherent differences between the real world and the online†¦show more content†¦Virtual communities such as Facebook and Myspace allow people to craft their identity. Danah Boyd observes that in virtual communities, people use deliberate forms of writing and pictures to portray their identities and amend their identities through the comments of others. However, Boyd fails to recognize that because people are limited to writings and pictures in the online world, there is a high possibility that other people may misunderstood due to the lack of physical indications like one’s body language. The lack of physical indications can hinder one from crafting their identity efficiently online. Without physical indications such as body language, people have to depend a lot on how they write and picture themselves in words and pictures on blogs and Facebook. In other words, people have to infer for themselves what a persons identity is like solely based on own interpretation. If the use of tone and language is inaccurate, this may cause other parties to misinterpret. 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Internet Hate Groups Essay Example For Students

Internet Hate Groups Essay For the first time in human history, we have the means to connect people fromevery corner of the globe, to talk to each other and share information at a costthats far more affordable than any other means of publishing in the world. There is nothing more powerful as the Internet or the World Wide Web that hasever existed before. Hate is scary. By definition, Hate is an intensehostility and emotional aversion to someone or something. It is displayed withwords, harassment and/or acts of violence including killing. (Novick, para4). Hate can be hidden from friends or family, but at other times it is braggedabout. Hatred can be motivated by the desire for political power, for the needto put someone in their place, even by religious beliefs. The Internet seems tohave pushed all our buttons of paranoia, especially these days, when werealready confused and frightened by all the violence and chaos in our world. Preventing Internet Hate Crimes Controls and Mechanisms The first method isrebuttal, a technique long used by the anti-censorship or anti-hateorganizations. Rebuttal allows for the unrestricted dissemination of hate andnegates it by offering a more insightful and historically accurateexamination of political and social history. (Guide To Hate Groups, soundclip).This method eliminates the question of censorship and the stigma ofgovernmental control. But it does not compensate for the real human pain ofhaving swastikas, ethnocentric messages, or racial caricatures on onescomputer screen, nor does it keep children from accessing the hate sites withoutunderstanding the true context of the debates. The second method is that ofmoral , a tactic which has been successfully used by social activists andinterest groups throughout the 20th century. Moral persuasion would shift theresponsibility of eliminating cyber-hate from the government to non-governmentalorganizations, special interest group s, and social activists, avoiding theproblem of censorship and the inadequacy of the anti-hate laws.(Guide To HateGroups). Concerned individuals and organizations would consolidate and cooperatein a social movement to increase public awareness and encourage economicsanctions against the Internet service providers who offer access to hategroups. Who Do We Blame? The current problem of cyber-hate is not one oftechnology, but rather one of public policy.(Censorship) The most commonmeans for any government to deal with this problem is either to modify existinglegislation or to introduce new, more inclusive anti-hate laws. But policymakers have not acted quickly enough to modify existing legislation to dealadequately with the capabilities of the Internet. Hate groups have gained aformidable person on the Internet and cleaning up cyber-space will be difficult. Blame policy, not technology Addressing Cyber Hate Crimes Expose It While somegovernments already have laws limiting freedom of speech, and others contemplatelimiting what is allowed on the Internet, the culture of the Net has created itsown crusaders for free expression. Rather than consider censoring or banning Netsites that concern them, they have, using their own time and money, begunbuilding Web pages to expose or contradict what they find repellent. Theirphilosophy is simple, let the free marketplace of ideas decide what content isacceptable. Advocating censorship of these groups is not the answer. It will dono good to force them underground. Linking to information that contradictsracism and anti-Semitism on the Net is the goal of other anti-hates sites whichuse the communicative powers of the Web to show alternatives to thehate-mongers sites. In the free marketplace of ideas, they willeventually make the right choices. (Hate Crimes) Crack It Thecracking of Cyber Hate pages may represent an opening shot in a new way to wagethe war of information on the Net, now hackers can just deface Web pages theydont like. We may start to see opposing opinions begin to wage actual war inthe internet world. The hackers attack bodes ill for the future of freeexpression on the Internet. (Cyber Hate) Anti Cyber Hate Laws CaliforniasAssembly Bill 295 This bill would expand obscenity and child pornographystatutes to prohibit transmission of images by computer. This basically coveredall sites dealing with the illegal use of picture of minors on the Internet. Georgia Regions Study Guide 3rd GradeRacists David Duke, a former Louisiana legislator and national leader of theInvisible Empire, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, is one example of those who areusing the Internet to spread racial hatred. On his website, he writes: Ourpeople (white people) will learn that our very survival is in jeopardy. We willfinally realize that our culture and traditions are under attack; that ourvalues and morality, our freedom and prosperity are in danger.( Creating Fear ofDifference Online). Several white supremacist groups use symbolism fromChristian scriptures to assert their racist and anti-Semitic agenda. One exampleis the Aryan Nations, which claims that fair-skinned people with northernEuropean ancestry are Gods chosen people, to the exclusion of all others. SuchInternet messages propagate fear of difference by stereotyping, exaggerating ormaking up figures, and spewing fear-filled language. They create an atmosphereof hate that feeds violence. That is ju st one example of the many Internet sitesthat is steering up hate in our society. The Aryan Nations, Christian Identity,Ku Klux Klan organizations and a number of other groups assert that white peopleshould not have to share a common culture with non-whites. Sex DiscriminationMany of these sex discrimination sites have gone under ground. These site arethe weaker of the hate sites. Many of the sites also lean on the same basis forrejecting the homosexual life. Here is an example of one of the sites:Homosexuality is immoral and is therefore illegal despite the desperateattempts by homosexuals to have homosexuality and homosexual marriages declaredlegal.(Homosexuality) My Stance I believe we do have a severe problem on ourhands. However I feel the problem is not with the internet. I would have to saythat the censorship of the internet is to be taken care of at home. Many peoplerely on television, VCRs, and toys to watch over their children. Whathappened to family values? I think peopl e have become very lazy when comes tocare for their children. Come on America, start accepting responsibility foryourself and stop blaming technology. Conclusion In conclusion, The decisions wemake today about our basic freedoms will be ones we live with for a very longtime. We need to turn on the lights in the internet world, and expose thedarkness and the lies. BibliographyAllport, G. (1948, 1983). ABCs of Scapegoating. New York: Anti-DefamationLeague. Anti-Defamation League (1994). Hate Crimes Laws: A Comprehensive Guide. New York: Author. CIEC. Communications Defamation Act, June 6, 1998. http://www.ciec.org Cleary, E. (1994). Beyond the Burning Cross: The FirstAmendment and the Landmark R.A.V. Case. New York: Random House. FeministInternet Gateway. Sex Discrimination, http://www.feminist.org/gateway/sd_exec.htmlHarris Raymond C. Homosexuality. http://www.primenet.com/~rayhar/p_homosx.htmJenness, V. Broad, K. (1997). Hate Crimes: New Social Movements and thePolitics of Violence. New York: Aldine de Gruyter. Matsuda, M., Lawrence, C.,Delgado, R., Crenshaw, K. W. (1993). Words That Wound: Critical RaceTheory, Assaultive Speech, and the First Amendment. Boulder: Westview Press. Media Awareness Network. Parents Sholuld Be Responsible, June 16,1997. http://www.media-awareness.ca/eng/news/news/two/white.htm Novick, M. (1995). White Lies White Power: The Fight against White Supremacy and ReactionaryViolence. Monroe, ME: Common Courage Press. Response. Creating Fear OfDifference Online, 1998. http://gbgm-umc.org/Response/articles/hateonline.htmlStay, B. (Ed.) (1997). Censorship: Opposing Viewpoints. San Diego: GreenhavenPress. WebActive. Guide To Hate Groups, October 6, 1996. http://www.webactive.com/webactive/sotw/hate.html

Scheme of Work Essay Example Essay Example

Scheme of Work Essay Example Paper Scheme of Work Essay Introduction Laboratory equipment safety?Sensory evaluation -Understand the importance of safety when conducting experiments -Plan carry out experimental work to test food preparation and processes -Conduct a simple food sensory test -Introduction to Design Folio and grading scheme Assignment to be given to students A simple sensory test on fruit juices 2SCIENCE of food preparation?Reasons for cooking food Heat transference?Methods of cooking -Explain reasons for cooking food -Describe how heat is transferred when food is cooked by conduction, convection, radiation and microwave -Describe the principles of the different methods of cooking Baking – biscuits (bake at different levels in oven – compare heat zones) 1PROTEINS Reactions in food during preparation and cooking-State the elements of proteins -List the sources of proteins -Explain the functions of proteins in the diet -Differentiate between; Indispensable and dispensable amino acids and give examples? High and low biologica l value proteins and give examples -Define denaturation, coagulation, gelatinisation and maillard browning -Explain the advantages of the above various reactions on food preparation and cookingFood test on protein (pg. 11 Anita Tull) Egg omelette – denaturation coagulation Omelette filling – gelatinisation Scones – maillard browning Written test – methods of cooking and heat transference D/N – Duration FOOD NUTRITION SCHEME OF WORK 2004 CARBO-HYDRATES Reactions in food during preparation and cooking-State the elements of carbohydrates -List the sources of carbohydrates -Explain the functions of carbohydrates in the diet -Differentiate between the types of carbohydrates – monosaccharide disaccharide and polysaccharide and give examples -Define dextrinisation -Explain the advantages of the above reaction on food preparation and cookingFood test on carbohydrates (pg. 11 Anita Tull) Biscuits – dextrinisation Written test – protei n 1FATS Reactions in food during preparation and cooking-State the elements of fats -List the sources of fats -Explain the functions of fats in the diet -Differentiate between the types of fats – saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated and give examples -Define emulsion, enzymic browning and oxidation -Explain the advantages of the above various reactions on food preparation and cookingFrench dressing – using different oils (olive oil, butter vegetable oil) Emulsion Test on prevention of enzymic browning in fruits 1VITAMINS-List the sources of vitamins A,B,C,D,E K Classify them into fat (A,D,E K) and water soluble (B thiamin, riboflavin, nicotine acid, folic acid, B6, B12) and C (ascorbic acid) -Compare and contrast the functions of the vitamins -Discuss the need for vitamin supplements in the dietWritten test – fats and carbohydrates 1MINERALS-List the sources of minerals calcium, phosphorous, iron, sodium chloride, potassium and iodine -Explain the f unctions of the minerals -Discuss the need for mineral supplements in the dietWritten test – vitamins 1WATER DIETARY FIBRE-Explain the importance of water in the body -Define dietary fibre (NSP) Classify dietary fibre and name their sources?Soluble (non-cellulose eg. pectin and gums in fruit, vegetables, legumes and cereals)? Insoluble (cellulose eg. stems, leaves of vegetables, coverings and seeds of grains) Scheme of Work Essay Body Paragraphs Explain the functions of dietary fibre in the dietWritten test – minerals FOOD NUTRITION SCHEME OF WORK 2004 TERM 2 D/NCHAPTERSCONTENTSACTIVITIES 2HEALTH PROBLEMS associated with diet-Define the term malnutrition (as a lack of balance in the diet due to a shortage / excess of particular nutrients) -Discuss the common health problems associated with diet: Obesity, hypertension, diabetes, colorectal cancer, coronary heart diseases, osteoporosis, anaemia, night-blindness, eating disorders -Explain how inadequate / excessive intake of nutrients are linked to health problems -Infer form data the relationship between diet and health problemsSurf the internet for information – www. fitforlife. com www. mayohealth. org. com www. healthwell. com www. geocities. com www. nutrition. com Written test – water and dietary fibre 2MEAL PLANNING AND MEAL ANALYSIS?Balanced diet?Factors to consider Explain the term â€Å"balanced diet† -Elaborate on the importance of having a balanced diet -Identify the factors to consider when planning meals;?Physiological: age, gender, metabolic rate, level of physical activity, health status? Psychological: individual preferences, emotional needs, food as punishment / reward? Environmental: ethnic customs and traditions, religions, parental / peer / media influence? Social and economic: value for money, shopping trends and facilities -Deduce from data gathered through interviews / surveys the extent media has n consumer’s food choicesWritten test / online test – health problems FOOD NUTRITION SCHEME OF WORK 2004 D/NCHAPTERSCONTENTSACTIVITIES 2HEALTHY MEALS Guidelines Calorie intake Identify the Singapore National Dietary Guidelines (SNDG) and explain how each can be applied to plan healthy meals:? Eat a variety fo foods?Maintain desirable body weight?Reduce total fat intake?Reduce sugar intake?Reduce salt intake?Increase dietary fibre?Modify and create recipes to suit different dietary needs -State t he unit measurement for energy (KJ, Kcal) Explain the concept of energy balance -Apply knowledge and understanding when planning and preparing meals to meet different requirements -Analyze, modify / create and evaluate meals using nutritional tools such as the Healthy Diet Pyramid, Recommended Daily Dietary Allowances (RDA) and Food Composition Tables Worksheet – to calculate the RDA and modify a week’s menus for a specific group of people Written test – meal planning 1FOOD LABELS-Identify the basic food information of a food label -Differentiate between a food label and a nutrition label Interpret and apply information found on nutrition labels eg. serving sizes, list of nutrients, % daily values, calorie conversion guide -Deduce from the information given on nutrition labels to make a better choice -Correlate nutritional information found on nutrition labels to an individual’s RDA requirement -Explain the following nutritional claims used on food labels :? â€Å"Free† eg. sugar free, fat free?†Low†, â€Å"less† eg. low fat, low cholesterol, low calorie, less fat? â€Å"Light†, â€Å"lite†?†More†, â€Å"enriched†, â€Å"fortified† â€Å"Reduced† -Differentiate the above nutritional claims -Identify the possible errors on food labels eg. cholesterol free, low fat Hand in assignment Design a food label using food works software. FOOD NUTRITION SCHEME OF WORK 2004 TERM 3 D/NCHAPTERSCONTENTSACTIVITIES 1MEAT-List the nutritive composition of meat -Compare and contrast the nutritional composition of different food commodities -Choose food in relation to cost, quality and nutritive value -Select and store perishable and dry foods Use a variety of foods in the preparation of meals (including TVP) -Investigate and compare a particular food commodityExperiment on effects of heat on meat 1FISH-List the nutritive composition of fish -Compare and contrast the nutritional c omposition of different food commodities -Choose food in relation to cost, quality and nutritive value -Select and store perishable and dry foods -Use a variety of foods in the preparation of meals (including TVP) -Investigate and compare a particular food commodityExperiment on effects of heat on fish Written test – meat 1EGGS-List the nutritive composition of eggs Compare and contrast the nutritional composition of different food commodities -Choose food in relation to cost, quality and nutritive value -Select and store perishable and dry foods -Use a variety of foods in the preparation of meals (including TVP) -Investigate and compare a particular food commodityExperiment on effects of heat on egg Written test – fish 1DAIRY PRODUCTS-List the nutritive composition of dairy products -Compare and contrast the nutritional composition of different food commodities -Choose food in relation to cost, quality and nutritive value -Select and store perishable and dry foods Use a variety of foods in the preparation of meals (including TVP) -Investigate and compare a particular food commodityExperiment on effects of heat on cheese and milk Written test – eggs FOOD NUTRITION SCHEME OF WORK 2004 D/NCHAPTERSCONTENTSACTIVITIES 1CEREALS-List the nutritive composition of cereals Compare and contrast the nutritional composition of different food commodities -Choose food in relation to cost, quality and nutritive value -Select and store perishable and dry foods Use a variety of foods in the preparation of meals (including TVP) -Investigate and compare a particular food commodityWritten test – dairy products Food test on flour – Bake small cakes using different types of flour and compare results 1FRUITS VEGETABLES-List the nutritive composition of fruits and vegetables -Compare and contrast the nutritional composition of different food commodities -Choose food in relation to cost, quality and nutritive value -Select and store perishable and d ry foods Use a variety of foods in the preparation of meals (including TVP) -Investigate and compare a particular food commodityExperiment on effects of heat on fruits and vegetables Written test – cereals 2SCIENCE of food processing?Food handling?Microbial and chemical spoilage?Food preservation -Practice safe handling of food -State causes of food spoilage -Suggest ways to avoid and reduce the risk of food spoilage when preparing and storing a range of foods -Explain the advantages of micro-organisms in foods -State the function and purpose of food preservation List and explain the additives commonly found in food such as salt, sugar, vinegar, sodium nitrate, flavourings, colourings etc. Written test – fruits and vegetables Experiment on food preservation FOOD NUTRITION SCHEME OF WORK 2003 D/NCHAPTERSCONTENTSACTIVITIES 2DIGESTION-Describe briefly the process of digestion and absorption -State the action of digestive juices and enzymes on nutrients -Explain the absor ption of nutrients in the small intestinesCD-ROM and worksheet Written test – food preservation 4PART B -To carry out Part B of the assignmentWritten test – digestion We will write a custom essay sample on Scheme of Work Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Scheme of Work Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Scheme of Work Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer